🎯 能力诊断测试

弟弟有8张贴纸，姐姐的贴纸张数是弟弟的3倍。姐姐比弟弟多多少张贴纸？Ben has 8 stickers. His sister Kate has 3 times as many stickers as Ben. How many more stickers does Kate have than Ben?

小雅把一张纸对折，在折好的纸上剪下“半个爱心”——爱心的直边正好贴着折痕。把剪下来的这片纸打开，它是什么图形？Yaya folds a piece of paper in half, then cuts out "half a heart" on the folded paper — the straight edge of the heart lies right on the fold. When she opens up the cut-out piece, what shape is it?

甲、乙、丙三人有一些糖果。甲给乙 2 颗，乙给丙 3 颗后，三人的糖果就一样多了。原来乙比丙多多少颗？Three people, A, B, and C, have some candies. After A gives 2 candies to B, and B gives 3 candies to C, all three have the same number of candies. How many more candies did B have than C originally?

学校组织植树。同学们实际每天种18棵，种了5天正好完成任务，结果比原计划多种了10棵。原计划一共要种____棵树。A school organized a tree-planting activity. The students actually planted 18 trees each day and finished the job in 5 days, planting 10 more trees than the original plan. How many trees did the school originally plan to plant in all? (____ trees)

甲机器2小时装配18个零件，乙机器3小时装配24个零件。甲机器每小时比乙机器多装配多少个零件？Machine A assembles 18 parts in 2 hours, and Machine B assembles 24 parts in 3 hours. How many more parts does Machine A assemble per hour than Machine B?

甲是乙的 2 倍，丙是甲的 3 倍，甲比丙少 40。甲、乙、丙三个数的和是多少？A is twice B, and C is 3 times A. A is 40 less than C. What is the sum of A, B, and C?

4台灌装机3小时可以灌装720瓶果汁，每台机器的效率相同。现在要灌装1800瓶果汁，计划5小时完成，一共需要多少台这样的灌装机？4 filling machines can fill 720 bottles of juice in 3 hours, and all machines work at the same rate. To fill 1,800 bottles in 5 hours, how many of these machines are needed in total?

一张长方形纸板长 84 厘米、宽 56 厘米。把它剪成若干块完全相同、且尽可能大的正方形，剪完后没有剩余。最少能剪出多少块这样的正方形？A rectangular board is 84 cm long and 56 cm wide. It is cut into identical squares that are as large as possible, with nothing left over. What is the minimum number of squares?

从 1, 2, 3, …, 10 这十个数中，最多可以选出____个数，使这些数的和恰好是偶数。From the ten numbers 1, 2, 3, …, 10, the greatest number of numbers you can choose so that their sum is even is ____.

鸡兔同笼：鸡和兔共有35个头。小明用假设法：假设35个全是鸡，算出的脚数比实际脚数少24只。由此先求出兔的只数，再求出鸡的只数。鸡实际有多少只？Chickens and rabbits have 35 heads in all. Ming uses the assumption method: assuming all 35 are chickens, the computed number of legs is 24 fewer than the actual number. From this, first find the number of rabbits, then the number of chickens. How many chickens are there actually?

一项工程，甲单独做 6 天完成，乙单独做 12 天完成，丙单独做 4 天完成。甲、乙先合做 2 天，剩下的部分由三人一起做，还需要____才能完成。A project can be finished by A alone in 6 days, by B alone in 12 days, or by C alone in 4 days. A and B work together for the first 2 days, and then all three work together to finish the rest. They still need ____ to complete the project.

投镖游戏中，命中靶心得 7 分，命中外环得 3 分。小刚的总得分恰好是 100 分，且他至少命中一次靶心、也至少命中一次外环。他最少一共投了多少镖？In a target game, a bull's-eye scores 7 points and an outer-ring hit scores 3 points. Leo's total score was exactly 100 points, with at least one bull's-eye and at least one outer-ring hit. What is the least number of darts he could have thrown?

一个水箱装满了水。第一小时放出全部水的 1/3，第二小时放出余下水的 1/2。这时水箱里剩下的水占原来总量的几分之几？A tank is full of water. In the first hour, 1/3 of all the water drains out. In the second hour, 1/2 of the water that is left drains out. What fraction of the original amount of water is left in the tank now?

化简：7x + 3y - 2x + 5y = ?（注意：只有同类项才能合并，合并时看清每项前面的符号）Simplify: 7x + 3y - 2x + 5y = ? (Remember: only like terms can be combined, and pay attention to the sign in front of each term.)

已知正整数 N 同时满足：① N 的因数个数是奇数；② 200 < N < 300；③ N 除以 7 余 1。请求出 N。A positive integer N satisfies all three conditions: (1) N has an odd number of factors; (2) 200 < N < 300; (3) N leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 7. Find N.